Breastfeeding, Introduction of Food and Use of Pacifier on the Stomatognathic System of Children with Mixed Dentition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2020v22n4p222-228Resumo
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of maternal breastfeeding, artificial feeding, types of introduction of complementary food introduction and the use of bottle and pacifier on lip /tongue pressure and maximum molar bite force of school children. Thirty-five healthy children with mixed dentition (20 boys and 15 girls), aged 6-10 years, participated in this study. The children were evaluated based on anthropometry, electronic scale and portable stadiometer, feeding practices (breastfeeding, artificial feeding, introduction of complementary food), bottle and pacifier use, tongue and lips strength and molar bite force. The results were submitted to ANOVA (p <.05). The sample showed a predominance of children with adequate height and weight for age. In the analysis of the influence of the food introduction period, the complementary food consistency and the pacifier use; it was observed that these factors did not influence the pressures of the lips/tongue statistically. In the evaluation of the influence of bottle feeding, the data showed higher bite force for children who never used the bottle, statistically significant data for the right and left sides (p ≤ .003 and p ≤ .001, respectively). The authors suggest that the type of breastfeeding received by the children may have a negative impact on the stomatognathic system functioning, evidenced by the lower maximum molar bite force found in the bottle-fed children.
Keywords: Breast Feeding. Bottle Feeding. Bite Force.
Resumo
O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar os efeitos do aleitamento materno, alimentação artificial, tipos de introdução complementar de alimentos e uso de mamadeira e chupeta na pressão labial / lingual e força máxima de mordida molar em crianças em idade escolar. Participaram 35 crianças saudáveis com dentição mista (20 meninos e 15 meninas), com idades entre 6 e 10 anos. As crianças foram avaliadas com base em antropometria, balança eletrônica e estadiômetro portátil, práticas de alimentação (amamentação, alimentação artificial, introdução de alimentos complementares), uso de mamadeira e chupeta, força da língua e lábios e força de mordida molar. Os resultados foram submetidos à ANOVA (p < 0,05). A amostra demonstrou predominância de crianças com altura e peso adequados para a idade. Na análise da influência do período de introdução dos alimentos, da consistência do alimento complementar e do uso de chupeta, observou-se que esses fatores não influenciaram estatisticamente as pressões dos lábios / língua. Na avaliação da influência da mamadeira, os dados mostraram maior força de mordida para crianças que nunca usaram a mamadeira, dados significativos para os lados direito e esquerdo (p ≤ 0,003 ep ≤ 0,001, respectivamente). Os autores sugerem que o tipo de aleitamento materno recebido pelas crianças pode ter impacto negativo no funcionamento do sistema estomatognático, evidenciado pela menor força máxima de mordida molar encontrada nas crianças alimentadas com mamadeira.
Palavras-chave: Aleitamento Materno. Alimentação Artificial Força de Mordida
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