Detection of Immunoglobulin G Against Oral Streptococci in Peripheral and Umbilical Cord Blood
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2020v22n4p270-275Resumo
Abstract
The maternal Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies transferred during the intrauterine life represents the main newborn immune protection against several intestinal and respiratory infection. However, there is little information about the reactivity and function of IgG from cord blood against newborn oral colonization. The aims this study was to evaluate the presence of IgG against Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans and theirs mains virulence antigens (GbpB, Ag I/II and Gtf) in peripheral blood (PB) samples from mothers with S. mutans or not in the saliva (SA) and compare with umbilical cord blood (CB). PB and SA samples were obtained from healthy women in the Hospital admission and CB was collected after delivery. The specificity of IgG against the bacterial extracts was determined by Western blot. The genetic material detection of S. mutans in the salivas was realized by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction with specific primers. The results showed that the minority of blood samples showed IgG against S. mitis. On the other hand, the majority of samples exhibited IgG anti S. mutans. The number of reactive bands to S. mutans was significantly higher than against S. mitis in both blood samples (p<0.05). The IgG anti-GbpB detection was more frequent than IgG anti-Ag I/II or anti-Gtf (p<0.05). The IgG antibody response pattern to S. mutans was similar in PB and CB pairs. There was no difference in the IgG anti-S. mutans detection and its virulence Ags (p>0.05) in the PB from mothers colonized or not by S. mutans. In opposite, in CB sample, it was more frequent to find samples with IgG anti-S. mutans and GbpB in the salivas from mothers with detectable S. mutans (p<0.05). In conclusion, the blood samples possessed IgG-anti S. mutans and theirs virulence antigens; mainly IgG anti-GbpB. The lack of IgG against S. mitis transferred by CB can be related to the early S. mitis colonization in the first months of age. The similarity of bands recognized by IgG against S. mutans antigens detected in PB and CB is suggestive that maternal antibodies can be transferred to the fetus.
Keywords: Streptococcus mutans. Saliva. Fetal Blood. Immunoglobulin G
Resumo
Os anticorpos Imunoglobulina G (IgG) transferidos durante a vida intrauterina representam a principal proteção imunológica do recém-nascido contra diversas infecções intestinais e respiratórias. No entanto, poucas informações existem sobre a reatividade e função de IgG do sangue do cordão contra a colonização oral de recém-nascidos. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a presença de IgG contra Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus mutans e seus principais antígenos de virulência (GbpB, Ag I / II e Gtf) em amostras de sangue periférico (SP) de mães com S. mutans detectável ou não na saliva (SA) e comparar com sangue do cordão umbilical (SC). Amostras de SP e SA foram obtidas de mulheres saudáveis na admissão do hospital e CB foi coletado após o parto. A especificidade de IgG contra os extratos bacterianos foi determinada por Western blot. A detecção do material genético de S. mutans nas salivas foi realizada pela reação em cadeia da polimerase quantitativa com primers específicos. Os resultados mostraram que a minoria das amostras de sangue apresentou IgG contra S. mitis. Por outro lado, a maioria das amostras exibiu IgG anti S. mutans. O número de bandas reativas para S. mutans foi significativamente maior do que contra S. mitis em ambas as amostras de sangue (p <0,05). A detecção de IgG anti-GbpB foi mais frequente do que IgG anti-Ag I/II ou anti-Gtf (p<0,05). O padrão de resposta de anticorpos IgG contra S. mutans foi semelhante nos pares SP e SC. Não houve diferença na detecção de IgG anti-S. mutans e sua virulência Ags (p> 0,05) no SP de mães colonizadas ou não por S. mutans. Por outro lado, nas amostras SC, foi mais frequente encontrar amostras com IgG anti-S.mutans e GbpB em salivas de mães com S. mutans detectáveis (p <0,05). Em conclusão, as amostras de sangue possuíam IgG-anti S. mutans e seus antígenos de virulência; principalmente IgG anti-GbpB. A falta de IgG contra S. mitis transferida no SC pode estar relacionado a colonização precoce de S. mitis nos primeiros meses de idade. A semelhança de bandas reconhecidas por IgG contra antígenos de S. mutans detectados em SP e SC é sugestiva de que anticorpos maternos podem ser transferidos para o feto.
Palavras-chave: Streptococcus mutans. Saliva. Sangue Fetal. Imunoglobulina G
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