Case Report: a 5-Year Follow-up of Proximal Caries Lesion Diagnosis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2018v20n3p158-163Resumo
Abstract
This clinical case was aimed at reporting and discussing diagnostic methods for early detection and preventive treatment of proximal carious lesions. The patient presented to the dental clinic seeking treatment of a problem she reported as being “dental caries”. The patient’s orthodontist diagnosed dental caries, by means of radiographic exam. There was no evidence of any proximal carious lesion in the intraoral examination. The bitewing radiographs presented a radiolucent area limited to enamel in the mesial of maxillary left-second-bicuspid. For the purpose of confirming the intraoral diagnosis, an immediate tooth separation was performed. The immediate separation was unable to provide sufficient access; thus, the slow separation approach was performed. After 24-hours, tooth separation of 1mm was obtained, providing enough access for clinical examination. The proximal areas were evaluated by transillumination and impression taking. During the visual inspection, an area of enamel staining was observed, with no roughness due to tactile inspection and the evaluation by transillumination and impression showed no cavitation. The following preventive treatment plan was endorsed: oral hygiene instructions with emphasis to the importance of flossing the proximal areas, and healthy dietary habits. After a 5-years period of follow-up, the enhanced oral hygiene and heathy dietary habits were observed. A clinical examination with immediate tooth separation and bitewing radiographs was performed and showed no cavitation. Thecombination of methods for detecting carious lesions in proximal surfaces was effective in obtaining a diagnosis of cariesin the permanent dentition. The absence of cavitated lesions must be indicative of preventive treatment.
Keywords: Dental Caries. Preventive Dentistry. Diagnosis, Oral.
Resumo
Este caso clínico objetivou relatar e discutir os métodos diagnósticos para detecção e tratamento preventivo de lesões cariosas proximais. A paciente procurou atendimento restaurador com queixa de cárie diagnosticada por exame radiográfico realizado após término de seu tratamento ortodôntico. Ao exame clínico não havia suspeita de lesão cariosa. A avaliação radiográfica revelou, na face mesialdo dente 25, presença de área radiolúcida limitada à metade externa do esmalte. Para confirmação do diagnóstico realizou-se a separação interdentária imediata, porém como a mesma não permitiu adequada visualização foi realizada a separação mediata e após 24 horas obteve-se adequada separação (1 mm) para o exame clínico. Em seguida, a superfície proximal foi avaliada por transiluminação e moldagem. Durante a inspeção visual foi constatada área de manchamento do esmalte, com ausência de rugosidade pela inspeção tátil e a avaliação tanto por transiluminação da superfície proximal, quanto por moldagem revelou ausência de cavitação. Devido o diagnóstico obtido o seguinte tratamento preventivo foi indicado: reforço de higiene oral com ênfase na importância do uso do fio dental e hábitos dietéticos saudáveis. Após 5 anos de acompanhamento melhoria da higiene oral e hábitos dietéticos foram constatados. O exame clínico com separação interdentária imediata e exame radiográfico revelaram ausência de cavitação. Conclui-se que a combinação de métodos de detecção de lesões cariosas proximais foi efetivo no diagnóstico da cárie dentária na dentição permanente. O resultado deste relato de caso mostrou que a ausência de lesões cariosas cavitadas deve ser um indicativo de tratamento preventivo.
Palavras-chave: Cárie Dentária. Odontologia Preventiva. Diagnóstico Bucal.
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