Post-COVID Quality of Life and Functional Status in Patients with and Without Diabetes Mellitus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17921/2447-8938.2024v26n3p153-160Resumo
Abstract
Endocrine manifestations in post-acute COVID-19 may result from direct viral lesions or immunological and inflammatory causes. COVID-19 may exacerbate the pre-existing inflammatory state in diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to describe the functional status and quality of life of adults and older people after hospitalization for COVID-19, comparing diabetics and non-diabetics. This observational study evaluated patients with or without diabetes/pre-diabetes at 73 (n=53) and 376 (n=52) days of convalescence from COVID-19. In functional status, respectively in assessments 1 and 2, the score on the Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale (PCFS) was 2 (1–3) and 2 (0–2), being 75.5% and 72.5% the frequency of participants with very mild, mild, moderate, or severe functional limitations. In quality of life, the frequencies of participants with mild, moderate, severe, or extreme problems in the EuroQol 5 Dimensions 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) domains were 39.6% in mobility, 17.0% in self-care, 45.3% in usual activities, 73.6% in pain/discomfort, and 71.7% in anxiety/depression in the first assessment; 34.6% in mobility, 9.6% in self-care, 37.3% in usual activities, 73.1% in pain/discomfort, and 65.4% in anxiety/depression in the second assessment. The EQ-5D-5L Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was 70 (50-90) in Assessment 1 and 80 (60-90) in Assessment 2. There were no differences in PCFS and EQ-5D-5L scores nor associations with their items between diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Diabetes mellitus, therefore, does not seem to influence quality of life and functional status in the first year after hospitalization for COVID-19.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus. COVID-19. Quality of Life.
Resumo
Manifestações endócrinas na COVID-19 pós-aguda podem decorrer de lesões virais diretas ou causas imunológicas e inflamatórias. A COVID-19 pode exacerbar o estado inflamatório preexistente no diabetes mellitus. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever estado funcional e qualidade de vida de adultos e idosos após hospitalização por COVID-19, comparando diabéticos e não-diabéticos. Foi um estudo observacional que avaliou pacientes com ou sem diabetes/pré-diabetes aos 73 (n=53) e 376 (n=52) dias de convalescença da COVID-19. No estado funcional, respectivamente nas avaliações 1 e 2, o escore na Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale (PCFS) foi 2 (1–3) e 2 (0–2), sendo 75,5% e 72,5% a frequência de participantes com limitações funcionais muito leves, leves, moderadas ou graves. Na qualidade de vida, as frequências de participantes com problemas leves, moderados, graves ou extremos nos domínios do EuroQol 5 Dimensions 5 Levels (EQ-5D-5L) foram 39,6% em mobilidade, 17,0% em autocuidado, 45,3% em atividades habituais, 73,6% em dor/desconforto e 71,7% em ansiedade/depressão na primeira avaliação; 34,6% em mobilidade, 9,6% em autocuidado, 37,3% em atividades habituais, 73,1% em dor/desconforto e 65,4% em ansiedade/depressão na segunda avaliação. O escore da Escala Visual Analógica (VAS) do EQ-5D-5L foi 70 (50-90) na Avaliação 1 e 80 (60-90) na Avaliação 2. Não houve diferenças nos escores e nem associações com os itens da PCFS e do EQ-5D-5L entre os grupos diabéticos e não-diabéticos. O diabetes mellitus, então, parece não influenciar a qualidade de vida e o estado funcional no primeiro ano após hospitalização por COVID-19.
Palavras-chave: Diabetes Mellitus. COVID-19. Qualidade de Vida.
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